Breast reduction, also known as reduction mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure that aims to reduce the size and reshape the breasts. This is done by removing excess breast tissue, fat, and skin, and repositioning the nipples and areolas to a higher position on the breast mound.

Breast reduction is typically performed for medical reasons, such as back pain, neck pain, skin irritation, and breathing problems caused by the weight and size of the breasts. However, it can also be performed for cosmetic reasons to improve the appearance of the breasts and achieve a more proportionate and aesthetically pleasing body shape.

The surgical technique used for breast reduction depends on the patient's breast size, shape, and degree of sagging. The incisions can be made around the areola, vertically down to the breast crease, and horizontally along the breast crease. The excess breast tissue, fat, and skin are removed, and the remaining tissue is reshaped and repositioned to create a more youthful and proportionate breast shape.

Like any surgical procedure, breast reduction carries risks and potential complications, such as bleeding, infection, scarring, changes in nipple or breast sensation, and asymmetry. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of breast reduction with a qualified plastic surgeon and choose the most appropriate treatment plan based on individual circumstances.